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Villach

Villach ( German pronunciation: [ ˈfɪlax ] ⓘ ; : Beljak ; : Villaco ; : Vilac ) is the seventh-largest city in Austria and the second-largest in the state of Carinthia . It is a...

Villach (German pronunciation:[ˈfɪlax]; Austria and the second-largest in the state of Carinthia. It is an important traffic junction for southern Austria and the whole Alpe-Adria region. As of 2025, Villach had a population of 65,749.

Together with other Alpine towns Villach engages in the Alpine Town of the Year Association for the implementation of the Alpine Convention to achieve sustainable development in the Alpine Arc. In 1997, Villach was the first town to be awarded Alpine Town of the Year.

Main square

Villach is a statutory city, on the Drau River near its confluence with the Gail tributary, at the western rim of the Klagenfurt basin. The municipal area stretches from the slopes of the Gailtal Alps (Mt. Dobratsch) down to Lake Ossiach in the northeast.

The Villach city limits comprise the following districts and villages:

Données climatiques pour Villach 1971-2000
MoisJanFévMarAvrPeutJuinJuilletaoûtSepOctobreNovDécAnnée
Température maximale quotidienne moyenne °C (°F)1,4 (34,5)5.2 (41.4)10,6 (51,1)14,9 (58,8)20,2 (68,4)23,4 (74,1)25,6 (78,1)25,2 (77,4)20,8 (69,4)14,5 (58,1)6,6 (43,9)1,8 (35,2)14,2 (57,6)
Moyenne journalière °C (°F)−3,2 (26,2)−0,6 (30,9)4.0 (39.2)8,3 (46,9)13,5 (56,3)16,7 (62,1)18,7 (65,7)18,3 (64,9)14,1 (57,4)8,5 (47,3)2.2 (36.0)−2,1 (28,2)8,2 (46,8)
Température minimale quotidienne moyenne °C (°F)−6,4 (20,5)−4,6 (23,7)−0,8 (30,6)3.1 (37.6)7,9 (46,2)11.1 (52.0)12,9 (55,2)12,8 (55,0)9,2 (48,6)4,6 (40,3)−0,7 (30,7)−4,8 (23,4)3,7 (38,7)
Précipitations moyennes mm (pouces)46,8 (1,84)47,1 (1,85)65,5 (2,58)83,2 (3,28)96,1 (3,78)120,5 (4,74)133,7 (5,26)111,3 (4,38)102,3 (4,03)105,5 (4,15)102,2 (4,02)61,2 (2,41)1 075,4 (42,34)
Nombre moyen de jours de précipitations (≥ 1,0 mm)5.95.37.19.010.412.011.910.18.28.37.76.3102.2
Durée moyenne d'ensoleillement mensuelle84,4120,3160,6167,7208.4214,3245.2227.2190,3142.085,973,21 919,5
Source : Zamg.ac.at

Histoire

Voie romaine à Warmbad

Les plus anciennes traces de présence humaine à Villach remontent au Néolithique final . De nombreux vestiges romains ont été découverts dans la ville et ses environs, car elle se situait à proximité d'une importante voie romaine (aujourd'hui appelée Römerweg ) reliant l'Italie à la province de Norique, fondée en 15 av. J.-C. À cette époque, une auberge nommée Sanctium se trouvait probablement près de la source thermale, dans l'actuel quartier de Warmbad, au sud du centre-ville. Après les Grandes Invasions et la colonisation slave des Alpes orientales vers 600 apr. J.-C., la région fut intégrée à la principauté de Carantanie .

When about 740 Prince Boruth enlisted the aid of Duke Odilo of Bavaria against the invading Avars, he had to accept Bavarian overlordship. An 878 deed of donation, issued by the Carolingian ruler Carloman of Bavaria, mentioned a bridge (ad pontem Uillach) near the royal court of Treffen, in what is today Villach.Otto II enfeoffed Bishop Albuin of Brixen with the Villach manor. After his death, King Henry II in 1007 ceded the settlement to the newly established Bishopric of Bamberg. The bishops also held the adjacent estates along the strategically important route to Italy up to Pontafel, which they retained until 1759 while the surrounding Carinthian ducal lands passed to the Austrian House of Habsburg in 1335.

Drava bridge near the city centre

Villach received market rights in 1060, though it was not mentioned as a town in records until about 1240. The parish church dedicated to St. James was first documented in 1136. Emperor Frederick II conferred the citizens the right to hold an annual fair on the feast of 25 July (Jakobitag) in 1222. The 1348 Friuli earthquake devastated large parts of the town; another devastating earthquake occurred in 1690. There were also several fires in Villach, which destroyed many buildings. The first documented mayor took office in the 16th century.

From 1526 onwards, many citizens turned Protestant and the Villach parish became a centre of the new faith within the Carinthian estates, which entailed harsh Counter-Reformation measures by the ecclesiastical rulers. From about 1600, numerous residents were forced to leave the town, precipitating an economic decline. In 1759 the Habsburg empress Maria Theresa formally purchased the Bamberg territories in Carinthia for a price of one million florins. Villach was incorporated into the "hereditary lands" of the Habsburg monarchy and became the administrative seat of a Carinthian district.

Durant les guerres napoléoniennes , la ville fut occupée par les troupes françaises et intégrée aux éphémères Provinces illyriennes à partir de 1809, jusqu'à sa reconquête par les forces de l' Empire autrichien en 1813 et son incorporation au royaume d'Illyrie d' Autriche en 1816. L'économie de la ville fut considérablement dynamisée par l'arrivée à Villach, en 1864, d'une branche occidentale de la ligne de chemin de fer du Sud , favorisant ainsi son développement. En 1880, la ville comptait 6 104 habitants. Pendant la Première Guerre mondiale , Villach, située près du front italien, abritait le commandement de la 10e armée de l' armée austro-hongroise .

La ville obtint le statut de ville le 1er janvier 1932 , durant l' entre-deux-guerres . Après l' Anschluss de l'Autriche à l' Allemagne nazie en 1938, le maire de Villach était Oskar Kraus, un nazi convaincu . Le 9 novembre 1938, Villach fut le théâtre des pogroms de la Nuit de Cristal, qui se déroulèrent à travers le pays et furent marqués par de violentes attaques contre la population juive . Un mémorial commémorant le conflit frontalier de 1919, qui mena au plébiscite de Carinthie , suscita la controverse lors de son inauguration en 2002, car seul le nom d'Oskar Kraus, qui n'avait pas joué un rôle particulièrement important dans ce conflit, y était inscrit.

Durant la Seconde Guerre mondiale , Villach a été bombardée 37 fois par les forces alliées . Environ 42 500 bombes ont tué 300 personnes et endommagé 85 % des bâtiments. Malgré cela, la ville s’est rapidement relevée. Aujourd’hui, Villach est une ville dynamique, où le commerce et les loisirs sont omniprésents, tout en préservant son riche patrimoine historique.

Le 15 février 2025, un garçon de 14 ans a été tué et cinq personnes blessées lors d'une attaque au couteau . Un demandeur d'asile syrien de 23 ans a été arrêté par deux policières.

Données démographiques

En 2024, Villach comptait 65 600 habitants ; 76,0 % d'entre eux possédaient la nationalité autrichienne et 74,9 % étaient nés en Autriche.

Les moins de 20 ans représentaient 17,4 % de la population, les 20-64 ans 60,5 % et les 65 ans et plus les 22 % restants. Les femmes représentaient 51,6 % de la population.

50.4% of foreign citizens held citizenship from another EU member state. When looking at individual countries, Germany and Bosnia and Herzegovina account for the largest shares of foreign nationals.

Town hall

Municipal council

The municipal council (Gemeinderat) consists of 45 members, with the mayor acting as president. Since the 2021 local elections, it is made up of the following parties:

The mayor of the city, Günther Albel, was re-elected in 2021.

City government

The city government of Villach (Stadtsenat) consists of seven members. It is chaired by the mayor. The other members—two vice-mayors and four town councillors—are appointed by the municipal council, with party affiliations according to the election results.

  • Mayor Günther Albel (SPÖ)
  • First Deputy Mayor Sarah Katholnig (SPÖ)
  • Second Deputy Mayor Gerda Sandriesser (SPÖ)
  • Councillor Harald Sobe (SPÖ)
  • Councillor Erwin Baumann (FPÖ)
  • Councillor Christian Pober (ÖVP)
  • Councillor Sascha Jabali Adeh (ERDE)

Carinthian state election

The results of the 2023 Carinthian state election for Villach are as follows:

  • Social Democratic Party of Austria (SPÖ): 43.36%
  • Freedom Party of Austria (FPÖ): 25.25%
  • Austrian People's Party (ÖVP): 11.10%
  • Team Carinthia (TK): 8.61%
  • The Greens - The Green Alternative (GRÜNE): 5.03%
  • NEOS - The New Austria and Liberal Forum (NEOS): 2.90%
  • Others: 3.64%

Austrian legislative election

The results of the 2024 Austrian legislative election for Villach are as follows:

  • Freedom Party of Austria (FPÖ): 36.67%
  • Social Democratic Party of Austria (SPÖ): 25.79%
  • Austrian People's Party (ÖVP): 17.42%
  • NEOS - The New Austria and Liberal Forum (NEOS): 8.71%
  • The Greens - The Green Alternative (GRÜNE): 5.87%
  • Others: 5.54%

European parliament election

The results of the 2024 European parliament election for Villach are as follows:

  • Freedom Party of Austria (FPÖ): 32.12%
  • Social Democratic Party of Austria (SPÖ): 29.78%
  • Austrian People's Party (ÖVP): 14.20%
  • NEOS - The New Austria and Liberal Forum (NEOS): 10.56%
  • The Greens - The Green Alternative (GRÜNE): 7.85%
  • Others: 5.49%

Twin towns—sister cities

Villach is twinned with:

Transport

Villach Hauptbahnhof is an important regional, national and international rail hub, located close to the city centre. The nearest airport is Klagenfurt Airport, located Friuli-Venezia Giulia (Northern Italy), and Slovenia. The name is derived from "K" standing for Kino (meaning "cinema" in German and Slovenian) and "3" referring to the fewest number number of legs necessary to create a solid table.

Other festivals

There are several other festivals throughout the year, including:

  • The carnival in Villach (which starts on November 11 and ends on March 4)
  • Villacher Fasching or Mardi Gras
  • Kunsthandwerkmarkt - arts and crafts festival
  • The streets-art festival (displays performances of artists and singers)
  • The Villacher Kirchtag (a festival spanning a whole week in summer and ends on August's first Saturday)
  • DRAUPULS - light shows on the Drau river

Notable citizens

Oskar Potiorek, 1908
Eva Glawischnig, 2006
Marc Sand, 2009
Guido Burgstaller, 2012

Sport

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